First, to protect the diversity of principles for the protection of local biodiversity protection, including the creation of original habitat and new living environment; plant community with zone characteristics of protection in the city, including the rich native plants and wildlife area fragile plants inhabit wasteland, wetlands, natural rivers and low-lying land and the saline alkali soil, sand and other ecological protection; native species and stable regional plant community composition, moderation in the development of artificial grassland in the introduction; at the same time, the protection of wild plants and weeds; protection of wetland ecosystem.
Two, the application of the principle of ecological principles only the application of ecological balance principle to create the ecological system can be stable, to focus on the ecological environment of the whole city, coordinate the relationship between the green space system and the natural topography. Beijing, Tianjin, Hefei, Nanjing, Shenzhen and other cities have carried out this practice. The application of ecological niche principle, taking full account of the niche characteristics of species, rational allocation of plant species, to avoid direct competition among species. The structure of complex community with reasonable structure, perfect function and stable population has been formed. The application of the principle of mutual symbiosis, as far as possible the symbiotic plants planted together, the Allelopathy of tree species planted apart. For example, black elderberry to spruce advantage; Acacia, ash and seven incense grow together, each has a significant role in promoting; and the walnuts with apple, pine and spruce, birch and pine trees should not be planted together.
Three, suitable for trees, according to local conditions, the principle of plant life, each plant is the result of evolution, it has formed in the long-term development of the system to adapt to the characteristics of their environment, this feature is difficult to change. We should respect the objective law, in the appropriate tree, according to the principle of local conditions, reasonable selection of plant species, to avoid interspecific competition, to avoid planting the local climate and soil conditions of plants. Should be based on the local tree species, the appropriate selection after years of introduction and domestication of exotic plant species. For example, for Chinese Metasequoia specialty, origin is very narrow, but the introduction of a wide area, and in some areas and even better than the origin of long.
Four, unified planning, the principle of reasonable arrangements for the unified planning of urban green space in the city center and the edge of the area between the green space, and green space around the urban fringe. To create a public green space, as far as possible to build garden buildings and small pieces, in order to improve the rate of green space. The construction of ecological landscape forest will arrange the forest according to the specific circumstances of the layout of the city. By the wind troubled northern city should develop the windbreak forest; the Loess Plateau, mountains and rivers along the city should focus on the development of soil and water conservation forest; drought and water shortage in the city to build a water conservation forest; dry and hot areas of the city should be for the construction of forest climate regulation